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Majda Vrhovnik (nom de guerre Lojzka〔Leben, Andrej. 2003. ''V borbi smo bile enakopravne: uporniške ženske na Koroškem v letih 1939–1955'' Klagenfurt: Drava, p. 55.〕) (14 April 1922 – 4 May 1945) was a Slovene communist and medical student. She was a member of the District Committee of the Communist Party of Slovenia for Klagenfurt and was named a people's hero of Yugoslavia after her death. == Life == Majda Vrhovnik was born 14 April 1922 in Ljubljana.〔Jeršek, Dare, Milica Kacin, & Alenka Nedog. 1963. ''Oris mladinskega gibanja na slovenskem vobdobju 1941-1945''. Ljubljana: Centralni komite Zveza mladine slovenije, p. 163.〕〔Jakopič, Albert, & Franc Benedik. 1978. ''Vodnik po partizanskih poteh''. Ljubljana: Borec, p. 20.〕 Her older brother Vladimir Vrhovnik (17 August 1916 – 28 April 1945, a.k.a. Volodja or Mirko, also a member of the Communist Party) was born in Vienna, but the family moved to Ljubljana after the First World War.〔Pavlin, Mile. 1970. ''Petnajsta brigada''. Ljubljana: Odbor 15. brigade, p. 432.〕 After graduating from an upper secondary school she enrolled in the University of Ljubljana’s Faculty of Medicine. During her studies she was a member of the Slovene Club and the student revolutionary movement. She was accepted for membership in the Communist Party of Yugoslavia in 1940. Vrhovnik joined the underground movement immediately after the occupation of Yugoslavia. She became a courier for the organizational secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Slovenia, Tone Tomšič (1910–1942).〔 When the occupying forces became aware of her activity they sentenced her to life in prison in absentia, holding her parents as hostages for several months.〔 Vrhovnik nonetheless remained in Ljubljana. She participated in organizing an underground printshop for the resistance in Ljubljana. As a courier, she carried manuscripts for the underground printshops in Ljubljana codenamed ''Podmornica'' 'submarine' at Brdo Street () no. 95 and ''Tunel'' 'tunnel' at Emona Street () no. 2.〔 With the assistance of her brother, she managed to set up a bunker where, starting on 4 May 1943, she reproduced copies of ''Ljudska pravica'' (The People’s Justice), ''Slovenski poročevalec'' (Slovenian Reporter), ''Radio vestnik'' (Messenger Radio), and various other brochures for nine months. At her own choosing, on 22 January 1944 she was sent to the Slovenian Littoral. There she served as an instructor for the Young Communist League of Yugoslavia (SKOJ) for Idrija and an instructor for SKOJ training courses for the SKOJ Regional Committee for the Littoral. However, she did not remain there long, but volunteered to work in Carinthia.〔 In 1944 she was named secretary of the District Committee of the Communist Party of Slovenia for Mežica; she crossed the Drava River〔Prušnik, Karel. 1958. ''Gamsi na plazu''. Ljubljana: Borec, p. 302.〕 and went through the Sattnitz Mountains,〔Brglez, Franček (ed.). 1984. ''Koroški Slovenci v Avstriji včeraj in danes.'' Ljubljana: Komunist, p. 242.〕 first working in the Völkermarkt area〔 and then in Klagenfurt. In the fall of 1944 she became a member of the District Committee of the Communist Party of Slovenia for Klagenfurt. Disguised as a peasant girl, she spent several months in Klagenfurt and took part in organizing committees for the Liberation Front, espionage, and illegal publications for the city. The Gestapo managed to discover her through betrayal, and on 28 February 1945〔 she was arrested in a house below Kreuzbergl Hill in Klagenfurt.〔Ferenc, Tone. 1981. ''Kronologija naprednega delavskega gibanja na Slovenskem, 1868-1980''. Ljubljana: Delavska enotnost, p. 334.〕 She was tortured in prison and shot on 4 May 1945.〔〔Karner, Stefan. 2005. ''Kärnten und die nationale Frage'', vol. 3. Klagenfurt: Heyn, p. 308.〕 Her grave remains unmarked to this day.〔Stergar, Janez. 2004. "Slovenci v Avstriji kot eden prednostnih predmetov v slovenskih etničnih študijah." ''Razprave in gradivo'' 45: 90–105, p. 99.〕 She was proclaimed a people's hero of Yugoslavia on 5 July 1951〔 or 20 December 1951.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Majda Vrhovnik」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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